The taste of nature is the classics

It is warm in nature and spicy in taste. Return to the liver meridian, gallbladder meridian, pericardial meridian.

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Efficacy

function

Activate blood circulation and qi, dispel wind and relieve pain.

Attending

It is mainly used for chest pain caused by heart vein stasis, rib distension and pain caused by liver stagnation and qi stagnation, chest and flank tingling caused by liver blood stasis, fall injuries caused by blood stasis blockage, sores and swelling pain, irregular menstruation, amenorrhea dysmenorrhea, postpartum stasis, lochia, various headaches and rheumatic pains, etc. It is a blood-activating and pain-relieving drug under the classification of blood-activating and stasis-relieving drugs.

Dosage

Oral administration: decoction, 3-10g; Grind the powder, 1-1.5g each time; or add to pills or powder.

External use: grind and sprinkle; Or decoct the soup and rinse the mouth.

Adverse reactions

1. Excessive dosage or improper application of Chuanxiong can cause poisoning.

2. Poisoning symptoms are mainly manifested as digestive tract symptoms and allergic reactions, such as nausea and vomiting, chest tightness, skin itching and mounds, macules, etc. A very small number of women have early menstruation and increased menstrual flow.

3. Those who have digestive symptoms such as nausea and vomiting can take Huoxiang Zhengqi water. For those with allergic reactions such as rashes, intramuscular injection of finagan, or intravenous injection of calcium gluconate, oral chlorpheniermine, prednisone and other anti-allergic treatments; You can also use 10g of scutellaria, 15g of raw licorice, and 30g of mung beans to decoct and take internally.

Notes:

1. Chuanxiong Xin Wensheng San, use with caution for headaches caused by liver yang hyperactivity.

2. Its warm and dry nature has the disadvantages of blood consumption and yin damage, yin deficiency and fire, red tongue and dry mouth should not be used.

3. Women's bleeding diseases with heavy menstruation and no blood stasis should not be used.

4. Pregnant women should not use it.

5. When administering intravenously, it is advisable to start with a small dose and then increase the dosage, otherwise side effects such as allergic reactions may occur.

chemical composition

This product contains alkaloids (such as chuanxiazine), volatile oils (mainly straw lipids, aromaenes, etc.), phenolic substances (such as ferulic acid), endolipids, vitamin A, folic acid, sucrose, sterols, fatty oils, etc.

Pharmacological effects

Chuanxiongzine can dilate coronary arteries, increase coronary blood flow, improve blood oxygen supply to the myocardium, and reduce the oxygen consumption of the myocardium. Chuanxiazine can dilate cerebral blood vessels, reduce vascular resistance, significantly increase blood flow to the brain and limbs, and improve microcirculation. It can reduce platelet surface activity, inhibit platelet aggregation, and prevent the formation of thrombosis. The neutral component of ferulic acid contained in it promotes and inhibits uterine smooth muscle in small doses and inhibits uterine smooth muscles in large doses; The decoction has a sedative effect on the central nervous system of animals and has a significant and long-lasting antihypertensive effect; It can accelerate the resorption of local hematomas of fractures and promote the formation of bone callus. It has an anti-vitamin E deficiency effect; It can inhibit a variety of bacilli; Has antihistamine and choleretic effects.

Toxicological effects

The LD50 of intravenous intravenous nitrogen was 239m/kg, and dogs were given intravenous infusion of 5mg/kg and 10mg/kg intravenously for 4 weeks, and alanine aminotransferase, blood non-protein nitrogen, blood picture and coagulation time fluctuated within the normal index range. At the end of the experiment, the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, mesenteric lymph nodes, adrenal glands, etc. were taken for pathological examination, and no significant changes were found. In vitro test of rabbit blood, no hemolysis was found in 2mg/ml chuanxiongzine, and 100mg/kg intravenous drip was not found in Jiamun. Chuanxiong (Japan) methanol extract was administered 6g/kg to male Wistar rats and DDY mice at a single dose, while the same dose intraperitoneally showed certain toxicity. Male Wistar rats were given methanol extract 1.5g/kg and 3g/kg daily for 21 days, and the resistance of red blood cells to osmotic pressure was slightly improved, although no liver lesions were observed in pathological observation, but liver weight increased, liver drug enzyme activity was induced, and the content of free cholesterol and renal cytochrome P-450 in serum increased.

Related Discussions

1. Zhang Jiegu: It can disperse the wind of the liver meridian, and it is also a holy medicine for Shaoyang, Jueyin meridian headaches and blood deficiency headaches.

2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": The taste is spicy and warm, and it is used in blood medicine, which can help the blood epidemic, but it is too scattered, and it should not be taken for a long time, which will cause sudden death. Those who can stop headaches are those who have more than enough; It can disperse deficiency because it can guide clear blood to flow downward. The ancients said that the blood qi medicine is a battle, but the qi medicine in the blood can disperse and lead the blood upward. The reason why there are many abscesses in medicine is that they enter the heart and can disperse. When qi and blood circulate, the fire in the heart disperses, and the evil qi does not retain and the abscess dissipates. Dongyuan said, descending to the sea of blood to nourish the new blood, not only the taste of pungent and warm, but also the rise and disperse, blood is important for tranquility rather than restlessness, Chuanxiong is spicy in nature, but it can rise and disperse without being stagnant downward, so it can descend to nourish new blood. How can we really use this spicy and warm medicine?

3. "Compendium of Materia Medica": Xiongqi is also a qi medicine in the blood. If the liver is suffering and urgent, it can be supplemented with spicy food, so it is suitable for those with blood deficiency. The spicy qi is used to disperse, so it is suitable for those with stagnant qi. If the blood dysentery has been passed but the pain does not stop, it is due to yin deficiency and qi stagnation.

4. "Materia Medica": Chuanxiong is good at dispersing, and it also goes through the liver meridian, which is the blood medicine in the qi. Xiong and Gui are both blood medicines, and the dispersion of Xiong is more severe than that of Gui, so it can dispel wind and cold and treat headaches. Because its qi rises, it also treats the collapse of leakage and dizziness; because its sweetness is less, it can be dispersed in excess and tonified in deficiency. If the fire of the three yangs is blocked in the upper part and causes pain, it will rise and become more severe. Nowadays, people do not understand the rise and fall of the body, but only know that Chuanxiong is used to treat headaches, which is quite absurd.

5. "Materia Medica": Xiong, the ascending leader, downward regulating menstruation, opening stagnation in the middle, blood qi medicine, once used by angelica, not only activating blood, but also vitality. The taste is spicy and yang, and the qi is good at running around without yin coagulation and stickiness. For those with depression in the middle jiao, it is necessary to use Chuanxiong to open and extract the qi to rise. When the qi rises, the stagnant qi will naturally descend.

6. "New Compilation of Materia Medica": Chuanxiong, which specializes in nourishing blood and treating headaches. Circulating the sea of blood, clearing the organs of the liver meridian, breaking the symptoms and stagnant blood, removing the old and giving birth to the new after childbirth, all vomiting blood, bleeding, urinary blood, blood in the stool, and collapsed blood can be cured. This medicine can be used as a ruler or a minister, and can also be used as an assistant, but it cannot be used alone, and must be supplemented with medicine to replenish qi and blood, so that the benefits are greater and the effect is doubled. If you use only one medicine to replenish blood, the blood will move, and there will be a risk of loss. If you use only one medicine to relieve pain, the pain will stop, and you will be worried about sudden death. If it is used together with ginseng, astragalus, atractylodes, and poria to replenish qi, it may not not be used to replenish qi and produce blood; If you use angelica, cooked ground, dogwood, Ophiopogon and white peony to replenish blood, it may not produce blood to produce sperm. The concern is that the same wind medicine is used together. It can be temporary but not permanent, but if it is a serious illness, it will be cured, so why wait for a long time?

7. "Heart in the West Record": The fragrance of the qi is warm, the temperature is combined, and its force rises and falls, reaching the outside and penetrating inside, and it is omnipresent. Its specialty is that it can induce the body's clear and light qi to the brain, and treat the brain as wind attack headache, brain as floating heat headache, brain congestion headache. Its warming and circulation power can also ventilate and activate blood circulation, treat contractures throughout the body, and women who have menstruation and have no children.

Clinical application

1. Treat chest paralysis and heart pain caused by heart vein stasis, often used with salvia, cinnamon twig, sandalwood, etc.; To treat flank pain caused by liver stagnation and qi stagnation, it is often combined with Bupleurum bupleurum and white peony, and fragrant fu, such as Chaihu Shu Gan San ("Jingyue Quanshu"); Treat liver blood stasis, accumulation of lumps, and tingling in the chest and flanks, and are mostly used with peach kernels and safflower, such as Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction ("Yilin Corrects Mistakes"). To treat fall injuries, bruising and pain, it can be used with frankincense, myrrh, notoginseng and other medicinal purposes.

2. Treat blood stasis and amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, often used with red peony, peach kernel, etc., such as Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction ("Yilin Correction of Mistakes"); If it is cold coagulation and blood stasis, it can be combined with cinnamon, angelica, etc., such as Wenjing soup ("Women's Good Formula"); If the postpartum lochia cannot be removed, stasis and abdominal pain, it can be combined with angelica, peach kernel, cannon ginger, etc., such as biochemical soup ("Fu Qingzhu Women's Medicine"); To treat irregular menstruation, early or after menstruation, it can be combined with motherwort, angelica, etc., such as motherwort and golden elixir ("Medical Mind").

3. Treat wind and cold headaches, with Qianghuo, Xixin, and angelica, such as Chuanxiong tea dispersion ("Heji Bureau Formula"); To treat wind and heat headaches, it can be combined with chrysanthemums, gypsum, and stiff silkworms, such as Chuanxiong San ("Health Care"); If you treat rheumatic headaches, you can use Qianghuo, Duhuo, and Fangfeng, such as Qianghuo Shengshi Decoction ("Theory of Internal and External Injuries"); To treat blood deficiency and headache, take this product to dispel wind and relieve pain, which can be paired with angelica and white peony, such as flavored Siwu soup ("Jinkui Wing"); If you treat blood stasis and headache, you can use red peony and musk, such as Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction ("Medical Forest Correction Error").

Related compatibility

1. Chuanxiong with black medicine: Chuanxiong is warm and fragrant, can rise and fall, go up to the top, and go down to the sea of blood, which is the qi medicine in the blood, and the merit is good to activate the blood; Wuyao Xin opens warmth, goes up to the spleen and lungs, and goes down to the liver and kidneys, and has the effect of dispersing qi and relieving pain, and the function is partial to qi. The two drugs are used together, and together they play the function of activating blood circulation and dissolving blood stasis, circulating qi and relieving pain. It is suitable for menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, etc. caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis.

2. Chuanxiong with angelica: Chuanxiong is warm and dry, which is biased towards blood circulation and qi; Angelica sweet and spicy powder, moist and greasy, biased towards nourishing blood and blood. The two drugs are used together, and the three functions of blood activation, blood nourishment, and qi circulation are carried out at the same time, and moisturizing and drying are mutually beneficial, so that blood stasis is not consumed, blood nourishment does not cause blood congestion and qi stagnation, and together play the effects of blood activation and blood stasis, blood nourishment and blood. It is suitable for headaches of blood deficiency and blood stasis, irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea and amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis and abdominal pain, rheumatic pain, etc.

3. Chuanxiong with white peony: Chuanxiong is spicy and fragrant, invigorates blood and qi, and is biased towards sheng and dispersion; White peony is slightly bitter and slightly sour, nourishing blood and gathering yin, and is biased towards astringency. The two drugs are used together, taking into account both blood activation and blood nourishment, and the liver is loose and softened, so that the blood can be activated and stasis is not harmed, and the liver is relaxed and depressed without damaging the liver yin. It is suitable for irregular menstruation and amenorrhea caused by liver blood or liver yin deficiency, chest and flank distension and pain, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, etc. caused by liver stagnation and blood stagnation.

Identification of medications

Shengchuanxiong and Jiuchuanxiong: Shengchuanxiong has a strong spicy nature, is good at activating blood circulation and qi, dispelling wind and relieving pain, and is used to treat various pain symptoms caused by blood stasis and qi stagnation; It can induce the drug to go up, and enhance the blood circulation and qi and pain relief effect of Chuanxiong, and is mostly used clinically for headaches, chest and flank pain, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea, as well as bruises and muscle and bone pain.

Related drugs

Dizziness tablets (pills), fast-acting heart-saving pills, Nao'an granules (capsules), antithrombosis Tongluo capsules (granules, tablets) Kanlisha.

Related prescriptions

(1) Treat postpartum blood stasis and abdominal pain: 24 grams of angelica, 9 grams of chuanxiong, fourteen grains of peach kernels (peeled, sharp, ground), 1.5 grams of black ginger, and 1.5 grams of roasted licorice. Decoct half of rice wine and half of children's feces. ("Fu Qingzhu Women's Department" Biochemical Soup)

(2) Treat excessive postpartum bleeding and unconscious blood: 15 grams of chuanxiong, 15 grams of angelica, 15 grams of nepeta ears (fried black), take it as a dose, decoct it in water, add it to wine, and take it in children's stools. ("Song's Women's Secretary" Chuanxiong Soup)

(3) Treat postpartum blood and qi deficiency, wind and cold, headache and chills: 6 grams each of angelica and chuanxiong, 3 grams each of perilla and dried kudzu. File, add three slices of ginger, decoct with water. ("Medical Lamp Continuation of the Flame" with flavored Xionggui soup)

(4) Treat migraine, head wind: chamomile, gypsum, and chuanxiong 9 grams each, as the end. 3 grams per dose, and the tea is clear. ("Chishui Xuanzhu" Chuanxiongsan)

(5) Treat nasal congestion without smelling the smell: 30 grams each of Chuanxiong and Xinyi, 0.9g of Xixin (remove seedlings and leaves), and 15 grams of Mutong (file). The top four flavors are pounded into powder. Each time, I wrapped a small amount of cotton and stuffed it into my nose, and when it was wet, I changed it. ("Shengji General Record" Chuanxiongsan)

Medication and dietary therapy

Astragalus Chuanxiong porridge:

1. Efficacy: nourishing qi and stabilizing the fetus, invigorating blood circulation and relieving pain. It is suitable for qi deficiency and fetal movement, abdominal pain and blood pressure.

2. Raw materials: astragalus 30g, chuanxiong 5g, sand kernel 5g, mulberry parasitic 10g, japonica rice 10g.

3. Method: Decoct astragalus, chuanxiong, sand kernel, and mulberry parasitic water to extract the juice, then wash the japonica rice, put it in a casserole with the juice, and cook it into porridge until viscous.

4. Usage: Divide it into 3 times a day, eat warm.

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Processing and processing

Harvest and processing

In the summer of the second year after planting, when the joint disc on the stem is significantly prominent, dig out the rhizome in May, remove the stems and leaves, remove the sediment, dry it or kang it after drying, and then remove the fibrous root. When used, slice it raw or roast it with wine.

The best time to harvest is 4-5 days after the small completion of the second year after planting. It is generally harvested from Xiaoman to awn. Early harvesting, underground rhizomes are not yet full, and the yield is low, which affects the income of growers; Harvesting too late, the rhizomes are ripe and perishable in the ground, which also leads to a decrease in yield and directly affects the income of growers. When harvesting, choose a sunny day to dig up the whole plant, remove the stems and leaves, remove the soil, and transport the rhizomes back to the field for processing.

Timely processing and harvesting should be dried in time, generally dried with fire kang. The firepower should not be too large, when the kang is turned up and down once a day, after 2-3 days, when it emits a strong aroma, put it in the bamboo basket and shake it, remove the sediment and fibrous roots, and it will become a commodity. The drying rate is about 30-35%.

Preparation method

1. Chuanxiong: Take the original medicinal materials, remove impurities, separate the large and small, soak until 40% or 50% transparent, wash, sultry until thorough, cut into thin slices, dry or dry at low temperature.

2. Jiuchuanxiong: Take the clean Chuanxiong slices, mix well with rice wine, stuff thoroughly, stir-fry dry in a pot over low heat, take out and let cool. 100kg of Chuanxiong and 10kg of rice wine.

3. Stir-fry Chuanxiong: Take the clean Chuanxiong slices, put them in a pot, stir-fry them over low heat until they are yellow or slightly charred, take them out and let them cool.

4. Stir-fry the bran in Chuanxiong: Heat the pot, sprinkle the wheat bran until it smokes, add the Chuanxiong slices and stir-fry until dark yellow, take it out, sift off the bran, and let cool. 100kg of each Sichuan xiongxiong slice, 18kg of bran.

How to store

Store in a dry container, tightly closed, and place in a cool and dry place to prevent moths.

Identification of medicinal materials

Characteristics identification

The rhizome is an irregular tuberous fist-shaped mass with a diameter of 1.5-7cm. surface yellowish-brown to yellowish-brown, rough and wrinkled, with many parallel raised joints; There are round concave stem marks at the tip, and many fine nodular root scars on the lower side and wheel nodes. The texture is solid, not easy to break, the cross-section is yellowish-white or grayish-yellow, with a wavy ring cambium, and the whole is scattered with yellowish-brown oil spots. The aroma is strong and particularly cruel, bitter, spicy, slightly sweet, and numbing. It is better to have a large and plump, solid texture, yellow and white cross-sectional color, large oiliness, and strong aroma.

Microscopic identification

Rhizome cross-section: the cork layer is more than 10 rows of cork cells. Cortical stenosis. The phloem is broad, scattered with root main traces of vascular bundles. cambium annular or irregular polygonal. The xylem is irregular polygonal. The xylem duct is polygonal or round, mostly arranged in a single row or arranged in a "V" open, and occasionally has wood fiber bundles. The medulla is larger. The parenchyma is scattered with many oil chambers, round, oval or irregular, pale and transverse brown, and the oil chambers near the cambium are small. Parenchyma cells are rich in starch grains, and some contain calcium oxalate crystals.

Powder characteristics: light yellowish-brown or grayish-brown.

(1) Starch grains are oval, oblong, round-like, oval or kidney-shaped, with a diameter of 5-16μm. about 21 μm long, umbilical dot-shaped, long slit or herringbone; Compound grains consist of 2-4 grains.

(2) Calcium oxalate crystals are circular clumps or clusters, with a diameter of 10-25μm.

(3) Cork cells are dark yellowish-brown, often overlapping multiple layers, polygonal on the surface, and thinly walled.

(4) The oil chamber is often broken, and the secretory cells contain more oil droplets.

(5) Most of the conduits are threaded conduits, and some threaded conduit thickening walls are connected to each other, and the threaded conduit is 100 million mesh-like threaded conduits. There are also reticulated, ladder and marginal hole catheters, with a diameter of 14-50μm.

Physical and chemical identification

1. Take 1 gram of powder, add petroleum ether (30-60 °C ml, leave for 10 hours, shake from time to time, let stand, take 1 ml of supernatant, after evaporation, add 1 ml of methanol to dissolve the residue, and then add 2-3 drops of methanol solution of 2% 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid and 2 drops of methanol saturated solution of potassium hydroxide, reddish-purple. (Check for unsaturated lactones)

2. Take 0.5 grams of powder, add an appropriate amount of ether, cold soak for 1 hour, and filter. The filtrate is concentrated to 1 ml, add 2-3 drops of 7% hydroxyamine hydrochloride methanol solution, 3 drops of 20% potassium hydroxide hydroxide alcohol solution, heat slightly in a water bath, after cooling, add dilute hydrochloric acid to adjust Ph to 3-4, and then add 1-2 drops of 1% ferroxychloride hydroxyl alcohol solution, which is purple-red at the interface of the ether layer, (check coumarin and lactones)

3. Take 0.5 grams of powder, add 10 ml of water, cold soak overnight, and filter. Add 1% hydrochloric acid to acidity, separate 1 ml of filtrate into 3 parts, add potassium bismuth iodide, potassium iodide and silicic acid to acid reagents respectively to produce orange-red, white or white slip water.

4. Take the cross section and observe it under ultraviolet lamp, showing bright lilac fluorescence and dark brown fluorescence on the skin.

5. Thin layer chromatography Take 2 grams of powder, add 6 ml of ether, cold soak for 4 hours, and filter. The filtrate is concentrated until dry, and the residue is dissolved in 1 ml of chloroform as a test solution. In addition, Chuanchuanzine was used as a control product. The samples were spotted on the same alumina CAC thin layer, unfolded with petroleum ether-chloroform (1:), and colored with bismuth potassium sulfonide reagent, and the chromatogram of the test solution showed the same orange-yellow spot as the corresponding position of the control chromatogram.

6. Take 1 gram of powder of this product, add 5 ml of petroleum ether (30~60 °C), leave it for 10 hours, shake it from time to time, let it stand, take 1 ml of supernatant, after swirling dry, add 1 ml of methanol to dissolve the residue, and then add 2~3 drops of methanol solution of 2% 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid and 2 drops of potassium hydroxide solution saturated with methanol, reddish-purple.

7. Take 1 gram of powder of this product, add 20 ml of ether, heat and reflux for 1 hour, filter, evaporate the filtrate, and add 2 ml of ethyl acetate to the residue to dissolve as a test solution. In addition, 1 gram of Chuanxiong control medicinal materials was taken and the same method was used to make a control medicinal material solution. According to the thin layer chromatography method (Appendix VI. B) test, absorb 1~2 microliters of each of the above two solutions, dot them on the same silica gel G thin layer plate, use n-hexane-ethyl acetate (9:1) as the unfolding agent, unfold, take out, dry, and inspect under ultraviolet light (365nm). In the chromatogram of the test specimen, fluorescent spots of the same color are displayed at the corresponding position to the chromatogram of the control medicinal materials.

Medicinal material characteristics

The rhizome is an irregular tuberous fist-shaped mass with a diameter of 1.5-7cm. surface yellowish-brown to yellowish-brown, rough and wrinkled, with many parallel raised joints; There are round concave stem marks at the tip, and many fine nodular root scars on the lower side and wheel nodes. It is solid, not easy to break, with a yellowish-white or grayish-yellow cross-section, with a wavy ring cambium, and yellowish-brown oil spots scattered throughout. The aroma is strong and special, bitter, spicy, slightly sweet, and numbing. It is better to have a large and plump, solid texture, yellow and white cross-sectional color, large oiliness, and strong aroma.

Characteristics of the drinking piece

1. Chuanxiong: It is an irregular flake or butterfly-shaped flake, see the characteristics of medicinal materials.

2. Jiuchuanxiong: The color is deepened, and there is a slight aroma of wine.

3. Stir-fried Chuanxiong, bran fried Chuanxiong: shaped like Chuanxiong slices, the color is deepened.

Common counterfeits

Adulterated products: Mix with sediment and gelatin, glue all surface pores to the full, then slice and dry to increase weight.

Botanical information

plant species

The plant of the genus Chuanxiong in the Apiaceae family.

Morphological characteristics

Perennial herb, 40-70cm high. The whole plant has a strong aroma. The rhizome is an irregular tuberous fist-shaped clump with many fibrous roots at the lower end. The stem is erect, cylindrical, hollow, and has longitudinal grooves on the surface. The nodes in the lower part of the stem are swollen into a disc shape (commonly known as lingzi), and the nodes above the middle are not enlarged. The lower part of the stem has a stalk, the stalk is 3-10cm long, and the base is expanded into a sheath; leaf outline ovate-triangular, 12-15cm long, 10-15cm wide, three to four times pinnately fully lobed, pinnae 4-5 pairs, ovate-lanceolate, 6-7cm long, 5-6cm wide, terminal lobes linear-lanceolate to oblong-ovate, 2-5mm long, 1-2mm wide, with small pointes at the apex, only sparse pubescence on veins; The upper leaves of the stem are gradually simplified. Compound umbels terminal or lateral, involucres 3-6, linear, 0.5-2.5cm long, spokes 7-20, unequal length, 2-4cm long, small umbels with flowers 10-24, small involucres 2-7, linear, slightly purple, pubescent, 3-5mm long, calyx teeth not developed, petals white, obovate to elliptical, apex with short pointed protrusions, curved inward, stamens 5, anthers pale green, style 2, 2-3mm long, downwardly curved. Flattened on both sides of the young fruit, 2-3mm long and about 1mm wide; There are tubing 1-5 in the dorsal ridge groove, oil pipe 2-3 in the lateral ridge groove, and oil pipe 6-8 on the synthetic surface. The flowering period is from July to August, and the young fruit period is from September to October.

Distribution area

It is mainly cultivated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places.

Authentic real estate area

The main products are in Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan, and the quality of Sichuan products is high.

Growing environment

It is a famous cultivated Chinese medicinal material, but it is not seen in the wild. Chuanxiong likes a mild climate, abundant rainfall, sufficient sunshine and a humid environment. However, the cultivation stage and storage period of Chuanxiongling seeds require cool climatic conditions. The growth period is 280-290 days. In the flat dam area, sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile, good drainage, rich organic matter content, neutral or slightly acidic should be selected.

Breeding mode

Propagation is carried out by the stem nodes (Lingzi) of the above-ground stems, and the seedlings are divided and planted. Chuanxiong is seeded with stem nodes (Xionglingzi). Every year, after the ground withers, dig out the Chuanxiong, cut off the stem nodes on the roots, each node has 1-2 buds, the seed amount per hectare is about 2250 kg, and the large rhizomes below are processed into commodities. The seedlings are stored in the cellar and planted before the next year, with a depth of 12~16 cm and a row spacing of about 20-25 cm * 35 cm, put 1-2 seedlings in each hole, the tip of the bud is up, covered with 6 cm of fine soil, and the base fertilizer is 15,000-22,500 kg per hectare.

Cultivation technology

1. Yuling: Select the mountainous area above 1000m above sea level for cultivation, dig out the rhizome of Bachuanxiong (called Fuxiong) in early February, remove the soil, fibrous roots or stems and leaves, and open holes according to the row spacing (25-30) cm× (15-20) cm, about 6cm deep, put 1 Fuxiong in each hole, the bud head is up, compacted, covered with soil 3cm, and 2250-3750kg of Fuxiong per 1h㎡. Seedlings are about 10cm tall for seedlings, leave 8-10 strong seedlings in each hole, cultivate and weed 2-3 times, top dressing 1-2 times, dig up the whole plant in late July when the stem nodes are swollen and slightly purple, cut off the rhizome (for medicinal purposes after drying), bundle the stem into small bundles, put it indoors or in a cool place, and cut the middle of the stem into 3-4cm sections in early August to provide dam land for seeding.

2. Planting: In early and mid-August, dig a trench according to the row spacing (25-30) cm×20cm, a depth of 2-3cm, apply the lingzi flat in the ditch, bury the buds upwards into the soil, cover it with compost or manure, and then cover the bed surface with straw. In mid-July, directly use the harvested stems of Chuanxiong as seeds, and choose a cool and moist place to grow Lingling, the method is the same as that of mountainous areas.

Land selection and preparation

Choose the high mountain sunny mountain with a shady climate, or the raw wasteland or clay loam of the low mountain, half shade and half sunny mountain. Before planting, remove weeds, reclaim the mountain, and loosen the soil by 30 cm to make a bed 1.5 meters wide.

Cultivate propagation materials in the mountainous areas of land selection, remove weeds after land selection, burn ash on the spot as base fertilizer, cultivate the land about 25 cm deep, rake finely level, and make a ridge with a width of 1.7-1.8 meters according to the terrain and drainage conditions. After harvesting, shovel off the rice stakes, dig a ditch to make a bed, the ridge width is about 1.6 meters, the width of the furrow is 33 cm, the depth is about 25 cm, and the topsoil is dug loose into a fish's back shape. It is best to spread the bed surface with compost or stable manure first, and mix it with the topsoil when digging.

Timely planting should be carried out around the beginning of autumn, no later than the end of August. too early, seedlings are prone to wilting under the influence of high temperatures; If it is too late, the temperature has dropped, which is not good for the growth of rhizomes. Planting should be carried out on a sunny day, and it is better to finish planting on the same day. Before planting, remove all Chuanxiong that has no buds or damaged buds, stems and nodes that have been bitten by insects, nodes that carry insects or buds that have germinated. Then, plant according to the size of Chuanxiong. When planting, open shallow grooves horizontally on the ridge surface, with row spacing of 30-40 cm and a depth of about 3 cm. Then, according to the plant spacing of 17-20 cm, put the Chuanxiong diagonally into the ditch, gently press the bud head upwards, and plant it not too deep or too shallow, and half of it can be exposed on the soil surface. At the same time, two Chuanxiong should be planted at each end between rows, and another row of Lingzi should be planted every 10 rows to supplement seedlings. After planting, cover the joint plate of Chuanxiong with fine soil manure or fire soil ash mixed with compost. Finally, cover the ridge surface with 1 layer of straw to avoid direct sunlight and rain washing. 30-40 kg of Chuanxiong per acre.

Field management

Weeding is generally carried out 4 times. The first time is after the seedlings are ready in late August, shallow hoe is done once; After an interval of 20 days, the second tillage and weeding should be carried out, and the soil should be loosened shallowly, and the roots should not be damaged; The third weeding is carried out every 20 days, at this time it is the peak period of underground rhizome development, only weeds are pulled out, and it is not suitable for cultivation; The fourth time is carried out in mid and late January of the following year when the local upper stems and leaves begin to wither, first clean up the withered stems and leaves in the field, do not cultivate and weed, and cultivate the soil around the root mark to facilitate the safe overwintering of rhizomes. This time the soil was cultivated, and the pharmaceutical farmers in the production area called it "winter medicine".

Reasonable fertilization In the year and the second year after the planting of Chuanxiong, the local upper stems and leaves grow vigorously, forming a certain nutrient area, and producing a large amount of dry matter, so that nutrients can be transported to the underground rhizome to promote its growth and development.

Therefore, it is necessary to concentrate top dressing 3 times within two months after planting, which can be combined with cultivation and weeding. The first time to apply 1000-1500 kg of human and animal manure and 25-50 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer per mu, dilute with 3 times water, mix evenly and apply holes; the second time to use 1500-2000 kg of human and animal manure and 30-50 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer per mu, diluted with 2 times water; The third time is to apply 2000-2500 kg of human and animal manure per mu, diluted with 1 times water, and then mixed with 500 kg of cake fertilizer, fire ash, compost, soil manure, etc. into dry fertilizer, apply it in the hole next to the plant, and cover the soil with fertilizer after application. It is advisable to do so before frost, too late, organic fertilizer is not easy to decompose, and the fertilizer effect is not high. In the first month of the following year, when "winter medicine", combined with the cultivation of soil, another dry manure is applied, and after returning to green in February and March, another thin human and animal manure is applied to promote growth and development, which can increase yield.

Pest control

leaf blight

It mostly occurs in May-July. At the onset of the disease, brown, irregular spots appear on the leaves, which then spread to the whole leaf, causing the whole plant to die off.

Prevention and control methods: spray 65% Zinc Daisen 500 times liquid, or 50% sterilization special 1000 times liquid, or 1:1:100 Bordeaux liquid for control in the early stage of the disease. 1 time every 10 days, 3-4 times in a row.

powdery mildew

From late June to July, the disease is serious when high temperature and humidity, first from the lower leaves, gray and white powder appears on the leaves and stems, and then gradually spreads upwards.

Control methods:

(1) After harvesting, clean up the pastoral area and burn the diseased leaves of the remaining plants in a concentrated manner;

(2) In the early stage of the disease, spray with 25% powder rust 1500 times liquid, or 50% Tobulu 1000 times liquid, once every 10 days, 2-3 times in a row.

Rhizome rot

It occurs during the growth period and harvest, and the inside of the diseased rhizome rots into yellowish-brown, water-free, with a special odor, and becomes soft and rotten. After damage during the growth period, the above-ground leaves gradually turn yellow and fall off.

(1) Immediately remove the diseased plants after occurrence and burn them intensively to prevent spread;

(2) Pay attention to drainage, especially in the rainy season, when there is too much rain, poor drainage, and serious illness;

(3) When receiving and selecting seeds, remove the diseased "Fuxiong" and the rotten "Lingzi".

Stem moth

Spray with 80% dichlorpyrithus 100-150 times aqueous solution in the breeding stage, and pay attention to the prevention and control of the first generation of preinstar larvae, and use 5:5:100 tobacco tendons, maple poplar leaves and water before the plain area, and soak the seeds for 12-24 hours after soaking for a few days.